The geology of lower benue trough is associated with the tectonic activities. Jan 21, 2019 the lower benue trough is the southern portion of the benue trough that is believed to have originated as a failed arm of an aulacogen at the time of the. Geology is an interesting subject in knowing history of earth creation, creature evolution, ancient earth life and earth condition in the past. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. Spectral analysis and euler deconvolution of regional. Physicochemical parameters were analyzed using apha, 2012 method. However, the lithostratigraphic succession in the benue trough consists mainly of cretaceous sedimentary rocks with total thickness ranging 3500 m in northeast to over 7000 m in southwest 18. The lower benue trough is the southern portion of the benue trough that is believed to have originated as a failed arm of an aulacogen at the time of the. Thick sedimentary cover of varied composition whose age. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough. Geology of parts of gboko and makurdi local government. Lower benue, trough introduction the benue trough is an intracratonic rift trending southwestnortheast from about latitude 60n near the gulf of guinea to about latitude 100n south of the chad basin. Cretaceous stratigraphy of the middle and lower benue trough figure i is a map of the geology of the benue trough region of nigeria. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough, nigeria.
Afikpo is located in the southern benue trough, between the abakiliki anticlinorium running. The trough has been categorized into three different zones and they are the lower benue trough at the southern part, the middle benue trough at the center, and the upper benue trough at the northern part. Jan 11, 2009 geochemical studies of sandstones from the three lithostratigraphic successions in the southern benue trough of nigeria were undertaken for a geochemical characterization of the sandstones, and to assess their stratigraphic and source evolution. The benue trough is a failed arm of a triple junction aulacogen that existed beneath the present position of the niger delta during the cretaceous times. The geology of the lower benue trough has been documented through the tectono. The lower benue trough is the southern portion of the benue trough that is believed to have originated as a failed arm of an aulacogen at the time of the opening of the south atlantic oceans during the separation of the african plate and the south american plate.
Detailed field studies carried out in ishiagu, enyigbaamekiameri, wanikandewanakom, and gabuoshina which together constitute the four main areas of mineralization in the lower benue trough, show that mineralization appears restricted to nwse and ns fractures while the more common nesw fractures are barren. This research work presents findings of the extent and distributions of saline zone and the hydrochemical characteristics of the groundwater of awe, keana and giza areas in the middle benue trough of nigeria. The trough is arbitrarily divided into lower, middle and upper regions, and the upper region is. A model for the tectonic evolution of the benue trough of. This paper is a contribution to an ongoing research project on the stratigraphy and burial history of the nigerian benue trough with financial support from the german volkswagen foundation and a university of ilorin senate research grant. The new benue state of today has twentythree 23 local government areas, which are administered by local government councils. Tectonic and sedimentation framework of the lower benue. Benue state lies within the lower river benue trough in the middle belt region of nigeria. Geology of the area tile geology of the middle benue trough has been described in some details by offodile 1976. Spectral depth analysis of parts of upper benue trough and. Petroleum potentials of the nigerian benue trough and anambra. Petroleum potentials of the nigerian benue trough and.
This study throws more lights on the magnetic nature of the upper benue with the identification of nesw trending faults in the area which correlate with the geology of the area. The area is important mainly for the mining of pbzn and associated ag. About 300 gravity stations were established at 24 km intervals along an ew profile across the lower benue trough from gbokonsukkaauchi with the main. Toc and rockeval pyrolysis results of the studied samples jude e. The study evaluates the relationship between synrift structures and sedimentation in the area. In this study of the middle benue trough, nigeria, gravity data for the area was. Proximately it bifurcates into an ew trending yola arm and a ns trending gongola basin. Staticwater levelsswl of hand dug wells were measured. Aeromagnetic study of oil seepage along the basement flanks. Regional geology of the lower benue trough showing the study area adapted from and modified by 14. Jun 21, 2019 the lower benue trough is the southern portion of the benue trough that is believed to have originated as a failed arm of an aulacogen at the time of the. The benue trough group 4 2018 final cretaceous geology.
Geochemical studies of sandstones from the three lithostratigraphic successions in the southern benue trough of nigeria were undertaken for a geochemical characterization of the sandstones, and to assess their stratigraphic and source evolution. Some parts of lower benue trough using spectral analysis technique david. Anticlinorium of thc lower benue trough by ofocgbu an onuoha 1991. The benue trough is a known metallogenic province ford 1981 with the following mineral districts namely. Download the complete geology project topic and material chapter 15 titled geology and depositional environment of clastic sediments at ozara ukwu and its environs, in the southern benue trough, nigeria. Geology and stratigraphy of middle cretaceous sequences. The tectonic evolution of the the southern portion of the. The geology of the map sheet 301 fig 2 was extracted from the regional geologic map and redigitized for enhanced interpretation of the aeromagnetic map. Nigeria is underlain by seven major sedimenta ry basins, viz. The general deepening trend of the lower benue trough was mainly controlled by tectonic subsidence and. Detailed field studies carried out in ishiagu, enyigbaamekiameri, wanikandewanakom, and gabuoshina which together constitute the. The benue trough of nigeria figure 1a is an intracontinental basin in central west africa that extends ne to. Cenomanian to coniacian sealevel changes in the lower benue.
The study area lies within asu river group of the lower benue trough, southern part of nigeria. The oldest sediments belong to the asu river group see fig. Exploration activities in the benue trough have been minimal over the years, mainly because of large petroleum deposits found in the adjoining niger delta and early gas finds in the anambra basin, south of the benue trough. The origin and tectonic history of the northern benue trough and the wcars is associated with the separation of the africa and the. Tectonic and sedimentation framework of the lower benue trough, southeastern nigeria. Paleocurrent and sedimentological studies in the benue trough, nigeria. Foraminiferal biostratigraphic analysis of the late. The lower benue trough in aptiansantonian times was therefore a simple rift with faster subsidence at the southern end fig. The upper benue trough comprises the area extending from the basharmutum biyu line as far north as the dumbulwabage high of 7, which separates it from the bornu basin.
Interpretation of airborne magnetic data of upper benue. The geology of the middle benue trough is characterized by the presence of thick sedimentary cover of varied composition whose age ranges. In this paper we intent to interpret the new airborne gravity data obtained from the. The geology of the benue trough of nigeria which is a failed arm of the riftriftfault rrf responsible for the separation of south america and african continents has been a subject of scientific and economic interest. The tectonic evolution of nigerias benue trough has recently been the focus of investigations, especially in relation to continental drift and opening of the south atlantic ocean during cretaceous times. Pdf crustal structure of southern benue trough, nigeria from 3d.
Its geographic coordinates are longitude 7 47 and 10 0 east. A lot of work covering the area has been done but detailed work is still needed. Leadzincbarytes mineralization in the benue trough. Sedimentary succes sions in these basins are of middle mesozoic to recent age.
The geology of the gboko area, situated in the northeastern part of the lower benue trough of nigeria is the subject of this book. Geochemical characterization of cretaceous sandstones from. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link. Lower, middle and upper benue valley in place of trough. It is included in the benue trough in which a thick pile of marine and fluviodeltaic sediments was deposited during the lower cretaceous. The deposition commenced in the albian with the emplacement of the asu river group of marine sediments. Sustainable development and management of the resources require an understanding of its holistic characteristics. It can be inferred therefore, that most of the present tectonic elements in the lower benue trough were probably formed during the well documented santonian teconism murat 1972, burke etal. The sedimentological history spanning from aptian to coniacian with stratigraphic interpretations presented. The sio2al2o3, fe2o3k2o ratios and cao contents have been used to. Groundwater samples were evaluated for irrigation purpose, within selected part of oju area of benue state, nigeria. Journal of geology and mining research determination of. The benue trough is a major geological structure underlying a large part of nigeria and.
Stratigraphic report of the middle benue trough, nigeria. Qualitative interpretation of aeromagnetic data over parts. Sediment filing model for wenchang formation in panyu4 subsag,pearl river mouth basin. This shows that the benue trough trends nesw and have the same structural control as the benue trough. Chapter 4 the benue trough ibrahim badamasi babangida. The benue trough of nigeria figure 1a is an intracontinental basin in central west africa that extends ne to sw. Interpretation of gravity anomaly of parts of lower and. Asu river group of the lower benue trough, southern part of nigeria. The location and geology of the study area geographically, the study area shown in figure 1.
Petroleum geology of benue trough and southeastern chad basin. Paleobiogeographic evidence and regional facies distribution in the sahara and northeast benue trough do not support an open connection between the late cretaceous saharan sea and the benue trough. See below for the abstract, table of contents, list of figures, list of tables, list of appendices, list of abbreviations and chapter one. Shoreface facies model of cretaceous jessu formation, yola. The theme of this project is geology, petroleum, and mineral resources potential. It shares the same tectonic origin as the benue trough and the west and central african rift system wcars, fig. Stratigraphic evolution of the benue trough and its. The site was chosen because the mineralization and mining activities have lead to the occurrence of many abandoned mines galleries and tailings scattered around the open mines pits. Contrasting styles of leadzincbarium mineralization in. The benue trough is an important geological basin which underlies. Petrogeologist study geology to find mine, coal, or oil deposit.
The above tectonic background and salient features of the benue trough underscore the overemphasis on the general and often speculative aspects of the geology of the trough. Geological mapping in the benue trough has been concentrated at the southwestern and northern ends of the basin and rather less is known about the. Jun 26, 2019 the lower benue trough is the southern portion of the benue trough that is believed to have originated as a failed arm of an aulacogen at the time of the. In the lower benue trough of southeastern nigeria, leadzincbarium mineralization occurs as widely distributed epigenetic fracturecontrolled vein deposits which are restricted to albian turonian sediments. Gravity study of lower benue trough, nigeria geological. Geology of gboko limestone, yandev, benue state, nigeria the benue basin is an elongate nesw oriented sedimentary rift that extends inland for approximately 800 km from the nigerian coastline. These thick sediments are attributed to thermal sag and regional postrift subsidence that created major depocenters okiwelu et al. Aeromagnetic study of oil seepage along the basement. Cretaceous cyclic sedimentation in the southern benue trough, together with unconformities, provide a tripartite subdivision of the sedimentary succession into 1 the albian asu river group, 2 the late cenomanian to early santonian cross river group new name comprising the marine nkalagu formation new name and interfingering marginal marine sandstones, and 3 the postsantonian coal. Over twenty mineral resources have so far been reported in the trough by the geological survey of nigeria agency and these include. The precambrian basement rocks which comprises of gneisses, migmatites and granites are the oldest rocks which are exposed around okundi, nsadop and boje areas, these rocks are unconformably overlain by sediments of the.
Simplified sketch geological map showing the volcanic areas in the region of. Based on the results of a detailed magnetic study of the lower and middle benue trough of nigeria carried out by the author and results of previous geophysical studies of the benue trough and of similar structures elsewhere in the world, a possible model for the tectonic evolution of the benue trough has been developed. The benue trough was formed by rifting of the central west african basement, beginning at the start of the cretaceous period. Geology of the study area the study area forms part of the lower benue trough sitting on the afi baminda massif. Crustal structure of southern benue trough, nigeria from 3d. Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. The area has been given less attention with regards to geological studies than the other parts of the lower benue trough or the middle benue trough. The stratigraphic correlations for the lower southwest, middle, and upper northeast benue is given in table 1 as presented by kogbe 1981a. Major and trace elements data were obtained from outcrop sandstone samples. Lower benue trough, crust, mantle, bouguer gravity data, 3dinver.
An interpretation of the geology and gravity anomalies of the benue. Use of modelling approach in evaluation of fractured shale. Sediments within the trough became folded in the santonian, with the fold. The benue trough is an elongate rifted depression in which the sediments reach well over 5000 m thickness in places and have been. The gboko limestone figure 1 actually exposed at yandev quarry is a component of the sedimentary fill of the benue trough. The anambra basin in the west of the lower region is more recent than the rest of the trough, being formed during a later period of compression, but is considered part of the formation. Pyroclastics from the lower benue trough of nigeria and their tectonic implications. To the northeast, the trough is terminated by the biu volcanics and the underlying basement rocks fig 1. The sio2al2o3, fe2o3k2o ratios and cao contents have. The anambra basin, therefore, is a part of the lower benue trough containing postdeformational sediments of campanianmaastrichtian to eocene ages. The northern benue trough also referred to as upper benue trough is the northeastern geographical subdivision of the nigerian benue trough. Doc geology of nigeria vincent kalu and stanless pee.
The benue trough of nigeria formed as a result of series of tectonism and repetitive sedimentation in the cretaceous time when south america separated from africa. It is logical to include the anambra basin in the benue trough, being a related structure that developed after the compressional stage akande and erdmann, 1998. Benue trough was displaced westward resulting in subsidence of the anambra basin. Leadzincbarytes mineralization in the benue trough, nigeria. A bibliography of geological studies on the benue trough of nigeria. Introduction the benue trough is a unique rift feature on the african continent in that it occupies an. Petroleum prospects of benue trough, nigeria authors. Recent reevaluation of the regional magnetic field data and magnetic modeling of the lower benue trough strongly suggest sediment thicknesses in the range of 7,00010,000 m. Heavy metal contamination of surface soil in relationship.
The basis for all later work was provided by 12 who. The tectonic, stratigraphic and organic geochemical evaluations of these basins suggest the similarity with the contiguous basins of chad and niger republics and sudan, where commercial oil discovery have been made. Early studies of the upper benue trough and southern bornu basin were carried out by 8, 9, 10 and 11. Geology of the benue trough the linear nesw trending benue trough figure 2 has a length of approximately 800km and open into the gulf of guinea where the cenozoic niger delta has built out upon oceanic crust avbovbo, 1980. Pdf epub geology and mineral resources of west africa pp 981 cite as.
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